The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between psychological resilience, the tendency to ruminate, psychological well-being in young adults, and to analyze group differences in these variables. The study involved 174 young adults aged 18–35. Participants completed the Psychological Resilience Scale, the Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire, and Carol Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale. Analysis of the results revealed a negative correlation between psychological resilience and the tendency to ruminate, a positive correlation between psychological resilience and well-being, and a negative correlation between the tendency to ruminate and well-being. Significant differences were found in the variables between men and women as well as between individuals who had experienced traumatic life events and those who had not. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of factors that influence mental health in young adults and provide valuable information for both research and psychological practice.