The author outlines reflections on perfectly democratic social structures pointing to contemporary social theories on social capital while taking into account the existence of person identity, culture and national identity, trust and recognition. He emphasizes the importance of these, concepts as significant factors in the formation of social and cultural ties, which undoubtedly have an impact on the improvement of democracy. He points to the dialogue that should occur in a democratic society linked to responsibility for the common good. The paper refers to the reasons for Polish democracy’s weaknesses, the problems of the functioning of modern democracy that have an impact on its quality. Democracy is a challenge and requires full involvement of civil society, correct interpersonal relations, dialogical justice. Social sciences oriented to the world, person-to-person must constantly take into account potentially occurring events and real threats to a functioning democracy in order to meet all challenges.