Quantitative and probabilistic measurements are needed in studies on aging-related-changes, not only categorical ones. The current study aimed to determine select cognitive functions in healthy elders with the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and to examine their relations with age, and to assess time-dependent probability of cognitive decline. The study covered 101 healthy adults, without neuropsychiatric manifestations, including three age groups (basic: 63-67, middle: 68-72, oldest: 73-77 years). The CANTAB tests assessed: visuomotor speed (Motor Screening: mean latency and mean error), visual episodic memory/associative learning (Paired Associates Learning), executive function in spatial planning (Stockings of Cambridge: mean initial thinking time, mean subsequent-thinking time, problem solved in minimum moves), and semantic memory/naming ability (Graded Naming Test). The oldest group demonstrated longer mean latency, decreased mean subsequent thinking time, and better performance in mean error. Outcomes of Paired Associates Learning, mean initial thinking time and problem solved in minimum moves did not differ between the studied groups. Scores in the Graded Naming Test were lower in the older groups. Declined outcomes in problems solved in minimum moves and Graded Naming Test represented the most frequently found deviations. Risks of cognitive decline (results < -0.5 of the standard deviation from the standard zero) were 3.7 times higher in the middle group and 14.28 times higher in the oldest group in mean initial thinking time; 2.7 higher in the middle group and 7.5 higher in the oldest group in the Graded Naming Test. Declines in executive function in spatial planning, and lexical memory/ability to name objects reflect an aging-related pattern of cognitive decline, and these functions are anticipated to be the most frequently changed. Risk of decline in naming ability in adults aged above 63 years is more than two times higher per five-year interval. Cognitive decline is not equal in all domains in healthy elders.